The ability to accurately and reproducibly measure stem cell activity is important for success of cellular therapies. A panel of potency assays that measures activities of stem cell functions related to treating diseases is required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for approval to treat patients. This panel (also known as a potency assay matrix) ensures reproducibility of manufactured cellular therapies during testing in clinical trials and after approval for marketing. We have developed a set of potency assays that accurately reflect the biological activity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study we demonstrated that this potency assay matrix can be used to monitor the function of MSCs by distinguishing between cells with a range of activities. We will incorporate this potency assay into future manufacture of MSCs for clinical trials.